How to configure RSTP (Rapid-Spanning-Tree-Protocol) in a ring topology

This example shows administrators how to set up RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) in the ring topology to implement network redundancy.

Configure RSTP in a ring topology

1. Configure Switch

2. Test the result

3. What could go wrong

1. Configure Switch

1. Make sure that the link between Switch-2 and Switch-3 is not connected to prevent unintended loops before finishing the RSTP setup.
2. Set up Switch-1: Enter the web GUI and go to Menu > Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Configuration. Check if the Spanning Tree configuration is Rapid Spanning Tree. If not, select it and click “Apply”.
   
   
3. Set up Switch-1: Enter the web GUI and go to Menu > Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > RSTP. Check the “Active” box. Set the Bridge Priority = 4096. Active port 1, 2. Click “Apply”.
   
4. Set up Switch-2: Enter the web GUI and go to Menu > Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Configuration. Check if the Spanning Tree configuration is Rapid Spanning Tree. If not, select it and click “Apply”.
5. Set up Switch-2: Enter the web GUI and go to Menu > Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > RSTP. Check the “Active” box. Set the Bridge Priority = 20480. Active port 1, 2. Click “Apply”.
   
6. Set up Switch-3: Enter the web GUI and go to Menu > Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Configuration. Check if the Spanning Tree Configuration is Rapid Spanning Tree. If not, select it and click “Apply”.
7. Set up Switch-3: Enter the web GUI and go to Menu > Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > RSTP. Check the “Active” box. Set the Bridge Priority = 32768. Active port 1, 2. Click “Apply”.
   
8. Finally, connect the link between Switch-2 and Switch-3.

2. Test the result

• Verify the status of Switch-1: Go to Menu > Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol. The Root Bridge ID and the Our Bridge ID should be the same. This means that Switch-1 is the Root Bridge. Both port 1 and 2 should be in FORWARDING state, while both their Port Roles are Designated Ports.
  
• Verify the status of Switch-2: Go to Menu > Advanced Application > Spanning Tree and check the port status of Switch-2. Port 1 should be the Root Port in FORWARDING state, while port 2 should be a Designated Port also in FORWARDING state.
  
  
  
  
• Verify the status of Switch-3: Go to Menu > Advanced Application > Spanning Tree and check the port status of Switch-3. Port 1 should be the Root Port in FORWARDING state, while Port 2 is an Alternate Port in DISCARDING state.
  
  

3. What could go wrong

• If your Root Bridge is not the device you expected:

1. Decrease the Spanning Tree priority of this device.
2. Increase the Spanning Tree priority of the other devices.

• The switch with the LOWEST bridge priority will be the Root Bridge. If the priority is the same, the switch with the LOWEST MAC address will be the Root Bridge.
  
• If it is not possible to access the management of the switches and the switch’s port LEDs are constantly flashing, you can recover management access by removing or disconnecting any redundant links to break the ring.
  This frequently occurs before Spanning Tree is configured on the devices or if Spanning Tree is configured incorrectly.